Describe the ways that parents can contribute to anxiety disorders in their children.
What will be an ideal response?
1. Modeling by overanxious and overprotective parents can sensitize children to the dangers of the outside world, communicate to them a lack of confidence in the child's ability to cope, and reinforce the child's feelings of inadequacy. 2. Indifferent or detached parents or rejecting parents cause the child to not feel adequately supported in mastering essential competencies and gaining a positive self-concept. Either repeated failures from poor learning skills lead to anxiety or withdrawal in the face of a threat, or the child performs adequately but is overly self-critical and feels anxious and devalued because of a self-perception of failure and loss of parental love. GRADING RUBRIC: 10 points total, 5 for each way.
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B. F. Skinner is most closely associated with which of the following concepts?
a. imprinting c. operant conditioning b. self-efficacy d. observational learning
A midwife is ____
a. a female who serves as a surrogate breast for an infant's mother who is unable to lactate b. generally a female who is trained or has direct experience with the birth process c. a trained physician who is skilled at monitoring the prenatal period and delivering babies d. a village elder who is knowledgeable about and connected to the spiritual world
According to the article Some Restrictions May Apply about maltreated children, the goal of the research by Wayne Dennis on female twins was to:
(a) compare the outcomes if one twin was maltreated and the other was not (b) compare the outcomes if one twin was given extra intellectual stimulation and one was not (c) see if twins would develop at the same rate when raised in a normal home (d) to see if lack of stimulation would lead to developmental problems
Babies who spend more time alert
A) probably receive less social stimulation. B) may have a slight advantage in mental development. C) tend to have more learning and memory difficulties. D) rarely reach REM sleep.