Which of the following best matches the view of your textbook's authors on the use of heuristic thinking?
A) Heuristic thinking leads to cognitive biases and should be avoided.
B) Heuristic thinking is superior to algorithmic thinking.
C) Using heuristics helps to minimize the risk of cognitive biases.
D) Heuristics help us make efficient decisions and can be beneficial; however they can also lead to errors.
Answer: D
Rationale: Heuristics used in making judgments and decisions can lead us astray from time to time. Nevertheless, heuristics are often beneficial and can help us make decisions as efficiently as possible.
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According to Popper, psychology’s persistent questions would be persistent even if they were scientific questions because:
a. scientific questions are ultimately philosophical questions b. they would still violate the principle of falsifiability because of their subjective nature c. understanding the human mind has extraordinary methodological limitations d. scientific solutions can only attain the status of “not yet disconfirmed”
Sleepwalking usually occurs during which stage of sleep? a. REM
b. Stage 1 or 2 NREM. c. Stage 3 or 4 NREM. d. all stages
Babies pay attention when a novel stimulus is first presented, but they pay less attention as it becomes more familiar. This phenomenon is called
a. discrimination. c. an orienting response. b. interposition. d. habituation.
Which of the following chore assignments gives greater freedom?
A) Jim's daily job is to pick up milk from the store on his way home from school. B) Jeff earns extra money by caring for his siblings when his parents work late. C) Valerie does laundry for the entire family without assistance. D) Deb helps her mother cook dinner every night.