Jorgio has recently learned in his studying of heart failure that his uncle had cardiogenic pulmonary edema. He wants to know if this is related to heart failure and, if so, how. He comes to you to help explain this to him
a. Discuss how cardiogenic pulmonary edema and left-sided heart failure are related.
b. What are some of the complications?
c. What are the expected findings or symptoms when assessing a client with this disorder?
d. What treatment is recommended?
Students' answers should include the following:
a. In cardiogenic pulmonary edema, the left ventricle is incapable of maintaining sufficient amount of blood ejected with each contraction.
b. Left ventricle has difficulty emptying while the right ventricle continues to pump.
Capillaries in the lungs fill with blood; acute respiratory distress develops.
CO2 accumulates, causing respiratory acidosis.
c. Physical signs are as follows: acute pulmonary edema is present; other symptoms include wheezing; dyspnea; restlessness; pink, frothy sputum and cough; cyanosis; tachycardia; and apprehensiveness.
Metabolic signs are elevated pulmonary wedge pressure, decreased cardiac output, hypotensive later in the course of progression, and decreased peripheral pulses; ABGs show severe hypoxia and hypercapnia, and pH is below 7.35.
d. Treatment is usually mechanical ventilation, inotropic meds, diuretics, nitrates, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and morphine.
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A) Cardiac tamponade B) Left ventricular hypertrophy C) Right-sided heart failure D) Ventricular insufficiency
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What will be an ideal response?
Match the item with its characteristic or property
___ Diastolic heart failure ___ Ejection fraction ___ Stroke volume ___ Systolic heart failure ___ Natriuretic peptide A. A peptide released from stretched cardiac muscle B. Impaired ejection of blood from ventricle C. The percentage of the blood in the ventricle that is ejected during systole D. Impaired ventricular filling E. The volume of blood ejected from the ventricle during a systolic contraction