How does theory of mind develop? Compare older and younger children in their theory of mind capacities. What are the factors that influence development of theory of mind?
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Classic studies in the United States and Europe show that there is a transition in thinking between ages 3 and 5 that enables the child to understand that others may hold false beliefs.
2. This developmental timetable is similar in children tested in several cultures.
3. Using non-verbal tests of false belief understanding, children of 15 to 18 months seem to understand implicitly that others can hold false beliefs.
4. Maturation of regions of the brain used to monitor people's mental states contributes to the development of the theory of mind.
5. Environmental factors: Having an older sibling, parents who use many mental-state words, and experiencing frequent pretend play are associated with an earlier understanding of theory of mind.
You might also like to view...
Regardless of individual differences between or among people,
a. outcomes are always predictable. b. predispositions and stress always interact. c. psychiatry will have appropriate medication. d. the levels and magnitudes of factors are unimportant.
Which of the following students provides the most accurate summary about phoneme pronunciation, as discussed in the section on speech perception?
a. George: "Humans manage to perceive the phoneme intended by the speaker, even though phoneme pronunciation is quite variable." b. Angela: "Humans tend to perceive phonemes inaccurately, but top-down processing helps to increase their accuracy." c. Jakob: "Humans have great difficulty with phoneme perception, because most speakers have sloppy phoneme pronunciation." d. Galit: "Each phoneme is pronounced in a consistent fashion, so that speech perception is remarkably accurate."
David believes that a person's actions are completely explained by their personality, and completely ignores environmental factors that might play a role. Of the following, David seems most to be engaged in
A. the fundamental attribution error. B. the correspondence bias. C. the hindsight bias. D. the halo effect.
From birth to age 2, the areas of a baby's brain develop at the same pace.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false