A child is admitted with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB). The child will most likely be treated with which?
a. Racemic epinephrine and corticosteroids
b. Nebulizer treatments and oxygen
c. Antibiotics and albuterol
d. Chest physiotherapy and humidity
ANS: A
Nebulized epinephrine (racemic epinephrine) is now used in children with LTB that is not alleviated with cool mist. The beta-adrenergic effects cause mucosal vasoconstriction and subsequent decreased subglottic edema. The use of corticosteroids is beneficial because the anti-inflammatory effects decrease subglottic edema. Nebulizer treatments are not effective even though oxygen may be required. Antibiotics are not used because it is a viral infection. Chest physiotherapy would not be instituted.
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