Which of the following is the correct order of
the three lines of defense?
a. barriers that exclude pathogens>>adaptive
immunity>>innate immunity
b. barriers that exclude pathogens>>innate
immunity>>adaptive immunity
c. innate immunity>>adaptive
immunity>>barriers that exclude pathogens
d. apaptive immunity>>barriers that exclude
pathogens>>innate immunity
e. apative immunity>>innate
immunity>>barriers that exclude pathogens
B
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In phloem movement, which of the following cannot serve as a sink?
a. young leaves b. young roots c. developing fruits d. tulip bulbs after the plant has bloomed e. soil
Analysis of the phylogeny of flu viruses reveals that the two 1968 strains (see the accompanying figures) both carry neuraminidase N2, but their hemagglutinins are distantly related (H2 and H3)
Moreover, before the global pandemic of 1968, human flu viruses had never carried H3. This observation suggests that ________. A) H3 was acquired from a nonhuman strain which, in turn, allowed the virus to infect humans on a global scale B) flu strains, when present together in the same host cell, can trade genes C) the 1968 human flu strain acquired its H3 gen from a bird virus D) All of these conclusions are supported by this data.
The total amount of energy fixed by photosynthetic organisms minus the energy used in their own metabolic activities is
A. net secondary productivity. B. primary productivity. C. secondary productivity. D. net primary productivity.
Some bacteria have membranes around their
DNA. What is lacking in these membranes that we do not call them nuclei?
a. pores b. proteins c. phospholipids d. a bilayer construction e. more than one of these is lacking