In a pedigree chart, a female who demonstrates the trait being studied is represented by a ____
a. darkened square
b. darkened circle
c. clear square
d. clear circle
e. clear diamond
ANSWER: b
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Agrobacterium infects plants and causes them to form tumors. You are asked to determine how long a plant must be exposed to these bacteria to become infected. Which of the following experiments will provide the best data to address that question?
A) Determine the survival rate of Agrobacterium when exposed to different concentrations of an antibiotic. B) Measure the number of tumors formed on a plant when exposed to various concentrations of Agrobacterium. C) Measure the concentration of Agrobacterium in different soil environments where the plants grow. D) Measure the number of tumors formed on plants, which are exposed to Agrobacterium for different lengths of time.
When sodium ions move from one cardiac muscle cell to an adjacent cell, causing them to contract in unison, this is an example of ____.
A. autocrine signaling B. paracrine signaling C. contact-dependent signaling D. endocrine signaling E. direct intercellular signaling
The first eukaryotic fossils are dated to about
a. 3.8 billion years ago. b. 2.1 billion years ago. c. 1.5 billion years ago. d. 750 million years ago. e. 201 million years ago
)
A. They exhibit a low degree of selective toxicity. B. All are completely safe for routine use in patients. C. They are lipid-like in structure enhancing their ability to affect cell membranes. D. Polymyxin and daptomycin are examples of cell membrane-targeting drugs. E. Resistance to these drugs is rising due to NDM enzyme production.