Describe major prenatal milestones during the second trimester of pregnancy
What will be an ideal response?
Prenatal development is sometimes divided into trimesters, or three equal time periods. At the end of the third month, the first trimester is complete.By the middle of the second trimester, between 17 and 20 weeks, the developing fetus has grown large enough that the mother can feel its movements. Already, the fetus is remarkably active, in motion nearly 30 percent of the time. A white, cheeselike substance called vernix emerges on the skin, protecting itfrom chapping during the months spent livingin the amniotic fluid. White, downy hair called lanugo appears over the entire body, helping the vernix stick to the skin.
At the end of the second trimester, many organs are well-developed, and most of the brain’s billions of neurons are in place. However, glial cells, which support and feed the neurons, continue to increase rapidly throughout the remainder of pregnancy, as well as after birth. Consequently, brain weight increases tenfold from the twentieth week until birth. At the same time, neurons begin forming synapses, or connections, at a rapid pace.
Brain growth means new sensory and behavioral capacities. The 20-week-old fetus can be stimulated as well as irritated by sounds. If a doctor looks inside the uterus using fetoscopy, fetuses try to shield their eyes from the light with their hands, indicating that sight has begun to emerge. Still, a fetus born at this time cannot survive. Its lungs are immature, and the brain cannot yet control breathing movements or body temperature.
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Because the current life expectancies are probably close to the biological limit for humans, some feel the overriding goal of geronotology should be to
a. ease the transition from home life to nursing home living for older adults. b. help older people accept the inevitability of decline and negative quality of life. c. increase the biological limit for the human lifespan. d. increase the number of older years that are vigorous and healthy.
What is the main assumption behind the scientific-management approach or Theory X?
a. Employees like variety in their job, responsibility, and a sense of accomplishment. b. The employer should find the best way to do a job and train workers to do it that way. c. Job satisfaction is highly correlated with excellence of job performance d. The best way to improve job performance is to increase salaries.
Maslow proposed a second set of innate needs called the _____, which exist outside the hierarchy
a. prestige needs b. aggressive needs c. cognitive needs d. self-actualization needs
________ is not surprising that many students with emotional and behavioral disorders also have language deficits because
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).