Which of the following is the most probable explanation for the difference in the apparent pattern of decline in IQ from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies?
a. Older cohorts in cross-sectional studies have less education than do younger cohorts.
b. The older samples in cross-sectional studies include more ill subjects.
c. Declines in midlife were only observed in the cohort born between 1910 and 1920.
d. The longitudinal samples have been more representative of the overall population than have the samples studied in the major cross-sectional studies.
A
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According to Erikson, early adulthood is characterized by a psychosocial crisis centering on establishing close, personal relationships with others. This is the stage of
a. generativity versus self-absorption. b. intimacy versus isolation. c. identity versus confusion. d. integrity versus despair.
Which of the following is NOT a criticism of Wallerstein's 1970s longitudinal study of children of divorce?
a. Conclusions were based on impressions from interviews. b. The sample was not representative. c. It took too long. d. There was no comparison group.
Current guidelines suggest that toilet training goes most smoothly when begun between age __________ months
a. nine and 12 b. 12 and 16 c. 18 and 24 d. 30 and 42
Programs that have the best chance of success for preventing eating disorders should target specific behaviors and
A. should be administered to all girls under 15 years of age to prevent the disorder from developing. B. should be administered to girls under 15 years of age who are concerned about being overweight. C. should be administered to all girls 15 years of age or older to prevent the disorder from developing D. should be administered to girls 15 years of age or older who are concerned about being overweight.