Give evidence showing that aggression has a genetic component. Include studies that show that early experiences interact with genetic influences to determine levels of aggression.
What will be an ideal response?
About 50% of the variability in aggressive behavior can be accounted for by genes, with the remaining half mostly due to nonshared (nonfamily) environmental influences. Numerous genes have been implicated, including 18 involved in the development of neurons and another 7 related to formation of the forebrain. But those studied most often have functions in serotonin and dopamine transmission. Research has also identified environmental conditions that predispose individuals to aggressive behavior, including maltreatment, family adversity, and low socioeconomic status. Environmental influences and heredity interact in interesting and complicated ways. The best known example is MAOA-L, whose link to aggression has been replicated more than any other. Two studies of incarcerated criminals have confirmed that this allele leads to violent behavior only in individuals who were subjected to childhood physical abuse.
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Regarding growth problems, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Growth disorders, such as dwarfism, giantism, and acromegaly result from over- or undersecretion of the pineal gland. b. Individuals with hypopituitary dwarfism are perfectly proportioned, but tiny. c. Regular injections of growth hormone can raise a hypopituitary child's height by several inches, usually to the short side of average. d. Acromegaly produces prominent facial features, which some people have used as a basis for careers as character actors and wrestlers.
Generating many possible solutions is a characteristic of
a. divergent thinking. c. convergent thinking. b. deductive reasoning. d. inductive reasoning.
A history of having applied insecticides and herbicides to one's garden is related to which of the following disorders?
A. Huntington's disease B. myasthenia gravis C. muscular dystrophy D. Parkinson's disease
What is Gilligan's criticism of Kohlberg's theory of moral development? Have her ideas been supported by research?
What will be an ideal response?