A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness, muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which of the following could have caused his condition?
have caused his condition?
a. Primary hyperaldosteronism
b. Acidosis
c. Insulin secretion
d. Diuretic use
ANS: B
During acute acidosis, hydrogen ions accumulate in the ICF and potassium shifts out of the cell to the ECF, causing hyperkalemia. Primary hyperaldosteronism is associated with hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia. Insulin secretion helps reduce potassium levels in the cell; it does not cause hyperkalemia. Diuretics would cause hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.
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