Why were marriages an important source of social stability in preindustrial societies?
A. They insured that families would pay a dowry, thus contributing to the stability of both families' social status.
B. They gave children legitimacy by preventing unwed parenting.
C. They could serve as a means of defense and prosperity for two kinship networks.
D. Divorce would undermine social stability.
Answer: C
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Which of the following concepts refers to deciding exactly what is to be measured when assigning value to a variable?
a. Operationalizing b. Reliability c. Conceptualizing d. Validity
Which of these is the cause of 80% of deforestation worldwide?
a. mining b. subsistence farming c. timber logging d. commercial agriculture
Which of the following is a difference in contact situations between Native American tribes and the Spanish versus the English?
A. The Spanish found large, well-organized social systems and therefore found it useful to adapt to Aztec practices. B. The Spanish needed to cooperate with at least some Native American tribes to maximize the benefits of the economy they created. C. The Spanish met with smaller, less developed tribes and had no specific reason to adapt to those social structures. D. The English originally attempted to enslave the Native population as a solution to the labor supply problem. E. The English were less likely to use coercive acculturation methods to "civilize" the Natives.
Many mental health professionals and child development specialists argue corporal punishment is
a. the most effective way to socialize all children. b. an effective way to socialize most children, but ineffective for babies or children with disabilities. c. an ineffective way to socialize most children, but effective for children with violent tendencies. d. ineffective and damaging to children.