Discuss the chivalry hypothesis and how this is a guiding notion behind viewing women and criminality.
What will be an ideal response?
The chivalry hypothesis contends that there is a bias in the criminal justice system against giving women harsh punishments. This is true so long as the offenses that they commit are those offenses that are considered gender appropriate or that are consistent with the stereotyped role that women are expected to maintain. Because of the view that women are pious, the criminal courts are arguably hesitant to punish women whose norms had defined them as passive, childlike in their understanding, and primarily driven by emotion rather than reason. The courts are expected to be fatherly and/or protective. Thus, the male-dominated criminal justice system tends to downplay female crime, making it less likely to be detected, reported, prosecuted, and sentenced. Therefore, women who commit gender-based crimes, such as prostitution, substance abuse, or theft, are often given light sentences. However, those who fall outside of female expectations are considered abnormal or evil. These women are more likely to receive a harsh sentence than males who commit the same crime.
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Which statement most closely fits John Stuart Mill's thoughts about people's personal lives and government power?
A. usually, people know better than bureaucrats B. on those occasions when the government knows better what is good for the people, it is still usually best to leave decisions to individuals C. we should always remain reluctant to create more government D. all of the above
One of the central premises of Frantz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth was that oppressed people should ______.
a. cast away their sense of inferiority by engaging in revolutionary violence b. adapt to their circumstances and work within the system for justice and reform c. forge alliances with other oppressed people to discuss ways to bring their plight to the attention of the world d. accept their circumstances and look forward to a better future
According to David Carter and Thomas Barker, ________ includes actions that tend "to injure, insult, trespass upon human dignity . . . and/or violate an inherent legal right" of a citizen.
A. abuse of authority B. occupational deviance C. police profiteering D. police violence
The __________ are underground criminal societies in Hong Kong that control secret markets and bus routes and are often involved in money laundering and drug trafficking
A) ?Warlords B) ?Tongs C) ?Triads D) ?Red Wave E) ?Mafia