In Ewing v. California (2003), the U.S. Supreme Court specifically held that a three-strikes sentence of 25 years to life _____.
a. violated the Eighth Amendment's cruel and unusual punishment clause as disproportionate punishment
b. violated the Eighth Amendment's cruel and unusual punishment clause as barbaric punishment
c. did not violate the Eight Amendment because it was not barbaric
d. did not violate the Eight Amendment because it was not grossly disproportionate punishment
Answer: d. did not violate the Eight Amendment because it was not grossly disproportionate punishment
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