Axel, who is younger than age 10, will have difficulty reasoning from premises that contradict reality or his own beliefs because he is not yet able to
A) analyze the logic of propositions in situations in which he has had extensive experience.
B) grasp the logical necessity of propositional thought.
C) recognize symbolic objects as both objects and symbols.
D) apply his problem-solving strategies.
B
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A cognitive psychologist is proposing a study of the effectiveness of several forms of therapy for treating anorexia nervosa. She sends her proposal to the ethics committee for review. Although the committee approves the proposal from an ethics standpoint
one of the committee members writes her a note saying, "Be aware of the allegiance effect." What will this note mean to the psychologist in regard to her proposal? a. Clients will show greater recovery when they are treated by the same therapists across time. b. Clients will work hard to recover to demonstrate that their choice of therapist is indeed the best. c. Because she is a cognitive therapist she is more likely to find that form of therapy to be the most successful. d. Funding agencies will be more likely to give grants to researchers who are responsive to the needs of the granting agency.
One critique of Professor Bem’s recent study of extrasensory perception (ESP) is that ____
a. he exposed undergraduates to erotic photographs without their consent b. he changed his research methods in the middle of the experiment without explanation c. he coerced students into participating by implying that he would lower their grades d. he failed to compensate the students for their participation
Stacey's mother has schizophrenia, but Stacey herself showed no symptoms of schizophrenia until she experienced the stress of medical school final exams. The final exams prompted a psychotic break. Stacey's case is a good example of:
A) hereditary-induced stress. B) etiology and prognosis. C) the diathesis–stress model. D) the medical model.
The extent to which data are shown to be the result of a cause-effect relationship rather than accident reflects the level of
a. ecological validity b. external validity c. statistical conclusion validity d. manipulation check