A neonate born to a mother who was abusing heroin is exhibiting signs and symptoms of withdrawal. Which of the following would the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)
A) Low whimpering cry
B) Hypertonicity
C) Lethargy
D) Excessive sneezing
E) Overly vigorous sucking
F) Tremors
B, D, F
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Signs and symptoms of withdrawal, or neonatal abstinence syndrome, include: irritability, hypertonicity, excessive and often high-pitched crying, vomiting, diarrhea, feeding disturbances, respiratory distress, disturbed sleeping, excessive sneezing and yawning, nasal stuffiness, diaphoresis, fever, poor sucking, tremors, and seizures.
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