Plants and algae most recently shared a common ancestor 480 million years ago, and plants colonized land shortly after that. In sexual reproduction, an alga simply releases gametes into the water, and the current carries the sex cells to another individual. What adaptation arose in gymnosperms and angiosperms that allowed reproduction on dry land and over great distances?

A. development of stomata
B. production of lignin
C. development of vascular tissue
D. production of pollen
E. production of a cuticle


D. production of pollen

Biology & Microbiology

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Which of the following represents an abundant element found in living organisms?

A. calcium. B. iron. C. iodine. D. hydrogen. E. sodium.

Biology & Microbiology

In plants, the gametes produced by a particular gametophyte are

a. always identical because they result from meiosis. b. always identical because they result from mitosis. c. sometimes identical because they result from meiosis. d. sometimes identical because they result from mitosis. e. never identical because they result from meiosis.

Biology & Microbiology

Sweating cools your body by ________

A) cohesion B) radiation C) evaporative cooling D) hydrogen bonding

Biology & Microbiology

Streptococcal species are classified using protein antigens found on the cell surface of many species.

A) True B) False

Biology & Microbiology