In the language of operant conditioning contingencies, the word "negative" refers to:
a) Decline in emitted behavior
b) unpleasant consequences
c) Removal of a stimulus
d) Application of punishment
Answer: c) Removal of a stimulus
You might also like to view...
Research conducted by DePaulo (2006) found that people associate the qualities "caring," "kind," and "giving" with married people approximately 50% of the time, while the same descriptors were associated with single people only about ____% of the time
a. 2 b. 5 c. 10 d. 27
The behaviorists' response to the advent of cognitive psychology has been to ____.?
a. ?attack it by operationally defining the cognitive concepts, as they did when threatened by psychoanalysis b. ?attack it by subjecting the cognitive psychologists' constructs and hypotheses to experimentation c. ?undermine the impact of cognitive psychology by redefining its constructs in terms of observable stimuli and responses d. ?undermine the impact of cognitive psychology by absorbing its terms and tenets into the mainstream, which behaviorism dominates e. ?hold fast to their position that consciousness (and thus cognitive psychology) should be rejected as a key subject matter
In an early experiment done by Neal Miller, some rats were stimulated in their pleasure centers if they lowered their heart rates. Other rats were stimulated when they raised their heart rates. They all managed to learn to change their heart rates. This is an example of
a. negative reinforcement. c. biofeedback training. b. classical conditioning. d. classical reinforcement.
A researcher would like to determine if a new form of therapy is more effective than a placebo therapy. The researcher should compare the new therapy to
a. all of the other forms of therapy. b. only those therapies that have previously been shown to be ineffective. c. psychoanalysis. d. a neutral therapy that just creates expectations of healing.