Expectancies are __________
a. beliefs about how often actions lead to rewards versus punishment
b. based on our past experiences of what was rewarding
c. how enticing a particular reward is
d. the belief that one's actions can have an effect on an event
Answer: B: based on our past experiences of what was rewarding
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Buffers against adverse circumstances include
a. strong attachment bonds with family members. b. financial wealth. c. visual-spatial skills. d. all of these are buffers against adverse circumstances.
Research conducted by E. Mavis Hetherington has found that the most difficult period for most children is the
a. second year following the divorce of their parents. b. first year following the divorce of their parents, but only for girls. c. the year preceding the divorce of their parents, but only for boys. d. first year following the divorce of their parents.
If you administered a test without obtaining information on the identity of the test takers, you would be following the practice of
a. anonymity. b. informed consent. c. confidentiality. d. protection from stigma.
What is pooled variance?
a. The weighted average of the two sample variances. b. The variance of the difference between the sample means. c. The sum of the two sample variances. d. The variance of the populations from which the samples were drawn.