Natural selection is based on all of the following except:
A. the best-adapted individuals tend to leave the most offspring
B. genetic variation exists within populations
C. populations tend to produce more individuals than the environment can support
D. individuals adapt to their environments and thereby, evolve
E. individuals who survive longer tend to leave more offspring than those who die young
D. individuals adapt to their environments and thereby, evolve
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A pathologist claims it's much easier to determine the causative agent of meningitis than an infection of the skin or intestines. Is this true? Why or why not?
A. It's not true-an infection is an infection, and it's always difficult to track down the exact causative agent. The organ system involved in the illness has nothing to do with identification of the causative agent. B. It's true-because the central nervous system (CNS) is generally microbe free, whereas the skin and intestines have a diverse normal flora. Separating out a pathogenic causative agent from the normal microbiota in these areas would be much harder to do than in the central nervous system (CNS). C. It's not true-the ventricles of the brain can provide a direct route for microbes to enter the central nervous system (CNS) from the bloodstream/extracellular fluid. Therefore, it would be just as likely to find a pathogenic microbe in the central nervous system (CNS) as it would be in the skin or intestines. D. It's true-there are only 1 or 2 microbes that can cause meningitis, yet there are hundreds (if not thousands) that can cause skin/intestinal infections. This makes it much easier to determine the causative agent for a case of meningitis.
Which one of the following steps in the breakdown of glucose can occur without oxygen?
A) glycolysis B) the preparatory step C) the citric acid cycle D) the electron transport system E) both the citric acid cycle and the electron transport system
A cell is dividing by binary fission. What can you conclude?
a. Mitosis has taken place without cytokinesis. b. Homologous chromosomes have already paired. c. The cyclin-Cdk complex is no longer phosphorylating enzymes. d. The cell cycle is out of control. e. The cell is prokaryotic.
What is the major product of the Calvin-Benson cycle that can then be used to form glucose?
A) CO2 B) ATP C) RuBP D) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate E) NADPH