A patient who has recently experienced the loss of a spouse asks the nurse if there are any over-the-counter herbs or nonprescription medications that can be used to improve insomnia. How should the nurse respond to this patient?
1. "Ginger root is commonly taken to improve sleep."
2. "Ginkgo is an herb commonly taken to improve sleep."
3. "Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and doxylamine are over-the-counter meds sometimes taken to produce drowsiness."
4. "Valerian and melatonin are herbs commonly taken to improve sleep."
5. "Kava is an herb taken to improve sleep."
Correct Answer: 3,4
Rationale 1: Ginger root is not used to improve sleep.
Rationale 2: Ginkgo is not used to improve sleep.
Rationale 3: Diphenhydramine and doxylamine are two antihistamines frequently used to produce drowsiness.
Rationale 4: An herbal product with demonstrated efficacy in promoting relaxation is valerian root. Supplemental melatonin, 0.5Â?3.0 mg at bedtime, is alleged to decrease the time required to fall asleep and to produce a deep and restful sleep.
Rationale 5: High doses of kava can damage the liver and should not be used unless recommended by a health care provider.
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