The nurse is taking a history of a 68-year-old woman. What assessment findings would indicate a high risk for the development of breast cancer? (Select all that apply.)
a. Age greater than 65 years
b. Increased breast density
c. Osteoporosis
d. Multiparity
e. Genetic factors
ANS: A, B, E
The high risk factors for breast cancer are age greater than 65 with the risk increasing until age 80; an increase in breast density because of more glandular and connective tissue; and inherited mutations of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 genes. Osteoporosis and multiparity are not risk factors for breast cancer. A high postmenopausal bone density and nulliparity are moderate and low increased risk factors, respectively.
You might also like to view...
Members of the local emergency medical service unit have just transported an accident victim to the emergency department. They tell the ED nurse that the victim has AIDS, and they have blood on their hands and clothing
The nurse advises them to wash their hands and to change any clothing that is wet with blood. The nurse talks to them about getting a baseline HIV test and about future testing. They ask the nurse how long it will take before they will know if they are infected. The nurse's response should be a. "You will need to be tested in 6 weeks and regularly for the next 10 years, because that is the average length of time it takes to detect the virus by testing." b. "You will need to be tested in 3 months and again in 6 months, because 95% of people seroconvert to antibody-positive in 3 months and 99% in 6 months." c. "Transmission by occupational exposure is rare. There is no need for you to be concerned." d. "You will need to be tested in 3 weeks, because most people seroconvert in that length of time."
An elderly patient comes into the clinic. You note on her routine clinic-visit questionnaire that she has checked frequent use of a stimulant laxative. You should pay close attention to which of this patient's laboratory values
1. Vitamin C level 2. Phosphorous level 3. Vitamin B12 level 4. Potassium level
The adult client has had serum electrolyte levels drawn. The nurse receiving the results by telephone from the laboratory would be most concerned with which of the following results?
1. Sodium level, 142 mEq/L 2. Chloride level, 103 mEq/L 3. Potassium level, 5.4 mEq/L 4. Bicarbonate level, 24 mEq/L
The nurse is describing the process of antibody-mediated immunity. What is the best explanation of antibody-mediated immunity to the client by the nurse?
A) Changes an antigen, rendering it harmless to the body B) Destruction of antigens by T cells C) Exposure to disease-causing organisms over one's lifetime D) Antigens bind to the antibody, forming an antigen–antibody complex