A client's blood pressure suddenly falls from 120/80 mmHg to 90/60 mmHg. Which major role of the kidney is causing this clinical manifestation?
1. Increasing hydrostatic pressure.
2. Release of renin.
3. Increasing glomerular filtration rate.
4. Dilation of renal vessels.
Correct Answer: 2
A drop in systemic blood pressure often triggers the juxtaglomerular cells to release renin. Renin acts on angiotensinogen to release angiotensin I, which is in turn converted to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II activates vascular smooth muscle throughout the body, causing systemic blood pressure to rise. Thus, the renin-angiotensin mechanism is a factor in renal autoregulation, even though its main purpose is the control of systemic blood pressure.
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