A young mother tells the nurse, "I'm worried because my son needs a blood transfusion. I don't know what to do, because blood transfusions cause AIDS." Which central nursing construct is represented in this situation?
a. Environment
b. Caring
c. Health
d. Person
ANS: D
The concept of environment includes all cultural, developmental, and social determinants that influence a client's health perceptions and behavior. Caring is not one of the four central nursing constructs. The word health derives from the word whole. Health is a multidimensional concept, having physical, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual characteristics. The World Health Organization (WHO, 1946) defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental, social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people. Person is defined as the recipient of nursing care, having unique bio-psycho-social and spiritual dimensions.
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An older patient comes to the emergency room with a black eye and is diagnosed with a broken right arm. What nursing assessment findings are indicative of potential physical abuse?
1. The patient is 65 years old and has no history of falls. 2. The client states "I fell on a shovel while clearing snow from a walkway." 3. The patient is confused about how they broke their arm and cannot recount events. 4. The patient is African American and states "I have broken many bones in my lifetime."
The nurse has to use descriptive terms, abbreviations, and acronyms in charting. The nurse is making an entry in the medication administration record and needs to write an abbreviation for teaspoon. Which is the correct abbreviation for teaspoon?
A) TID B) tsp C) T D) Tbsp
A leukopenic client is placed in a private room, and visitors are limited. Why are these precautions taken for this client?
1. To keep the client in isolation 2. To protect visitors from infectious respiratory particles 3. To allow for undisturbed rest 4. To protect the client from potential infection
The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following statements by the patient would indicate a correct understanding of function of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice?
a. Digestion of starch b. Inactivation of pepsin c. Destruction of pathogens d. Maintenance of a pH of 7 to 8