As electrons move along the electron transport chain, they lose potential energy. How is the energy that is released used by the cell?
A. The energy is used to transport protons against their concentration gradient
B. The energy is used to pump electrons along the electron transport chain
C. The energy is used to pump NAD+ into the cytoplasm so it can be used in glycolysis
D. The energy is converted directly into ATP
Answer: A
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When triglycerides are hydrolyzed, they are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids. The fatty acids are further
broken down into two-carbon fragments in a process called fatty acid oxidation. At which pathway do these fragments enter respiration?
a. glycolysis b. pyruvate oxidation c. citric acid cycle d. oxidative phosphorylation e. carbohydrate hydrolysis
Hfr cells are cells that can integrate the F factor and some genes into the bacterial chromosome. Hfr
cells can do this through:
a. mitosis. b. meiosis. c. prophase. d. crossing over. e. transduction.
The uncondensed length of human DNA found in chromosomes is _______, whereas a typical cell is 10 µm in length.
a. 5 µm b. 2 µm c. 2 meters d. 20 meters e. 2.54 inches
How are the membranes of animal cells in winter able to remain fluid when the weather becomes extremely cold?
a. The percentage of both unsaturated phospholipids and cholesterol increases. b. The percentage of saturated phospholipids in the membrane decreases. c. The percentage of unsaturated phospholipids in the membrane decreases. d. The percentage of cholesterol molecules in the membrane increases.