In an essay in which you, the writer, takes a strong, clear position about a controversial issue, you will be using this mode:
a. narration
b. argument
c. description
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
True
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d. La consommation de céréales
A. + B. -
Secondary readers are decision makers who request a document.
A. The primary audience is an immediate set of readers. B. Secondary readers are often those who will carry out a project. C. Tertiary readers are both primary and secondary audiences. D. b and c.
Gestures—movements of the hands and arms—are an important type of nonverbal communication. In fact, they are so fundamental that people who have been blind from birth use them. The most common forms of gestures are what social scientists call illustrators—movements that accompany speech and that can't stand alone. Scratching your head when searching for an idea and snapping your fingers
when you find an idea are examples of illustrators that complement verbal messages. Research shows that North Americans use illustrators more often when they are emotionally aroused—trying to explain ideas that are difficult to put into words when they are furious, horrified, very agitated, distressed, or excited. A second type of gestures is emblems—deliberate nonverbal behaviors that have a very precise meaning, known to virtually everyone within a cultural group. For example, we all know that a head nod means "yes," a head shake means "no," a wave means "hello" or "goodbye," and a hand to the ear means "I can't hear you." And almost anybody over the age of seven knows the meaning of a raised finger. A third type of gestures is adaptors—self-touching behaviors. (To make matters confusing, sometimes these behaviors go by the name of manipulators.) Whereas we usually use emblems consciously to express a message, adaptors are usually unconscious. For example, you might fiddle nervously with your hands or click a pen during a high-stress job interview. Research confirms what common sense suggests—that increased use of manipulators is often a sign of discomfort. But not all fidgeting signals uneasiness. People also are likely to use adaptors when relaxed. When they let down their guard (either alone or with friends), they will be more likely to fiddle with an earlobe, twirl a strand of hair, or clean their fingernails. Whether or not the fidgeter is hiding something, observers are likely to interpret an adaptor as a sign of dishonesty. Because not all fidgeters are dishonest, it's important not to jump to conclusions about the meaning of adaptors. The overall organizational pattern of this passage is a. cause and effect. b. comparison. c. classification. d. order of importance.
Complete the following passage by conjugating the verbs in parentheses in the passé composé. Be sure to distinguish between avoir and être as helping verbs and make the agreement on the past participle where necessary.
L’été dernier, ma famille et moi, nous ________________________1 (aller) en France. Mes parents ________________________2 (rester) à Paris pendant deux semaines. Mais moi, je/j’ ________________________3 (vouloir) faire du surf à Lacanau. Par conséquent, je/j’________________________4 (visiter) Paris avec mes parents la première semaine, puis je/j’________________________5 (partir) dans le sud-ouest de la France. Pour aller de Paris à Bordeaux, je/j’________________________6 (prendre) le train, puis mes deux amies Emma et Léa ________________________7 (venir) me chercher à la gare et nous ________________________8 (descendre) à Lacanau en voiture. Nous ________________________9 (arriver) le premier jour du fameux championnat de surf, le Lacanau Pro. Ainsi, nous ________________________10 (voir) les meilleurs surfeurs mondiaux. Après la compétition, je/j’________________________11 (devoir) rejoindre mes parents à Paris et nous ________________________12 (rentrer) aux États-Unis.