Describe why the assignment of subjects to the conditions of an experiment in a between-subjects design is such a critical issue
What will be an ideal response?
By assigning participants to conditions, a researcher can take steps to ensure that the different groups are equivalent before any treatments are administered. If the groups are equivalent before treatment but different after treatment, the researcher can be reasonably confident that the treatments are responsible for causing the differences.
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According to the discussion of older women as grandmothers,
a. stereotypes about older women tend to be reasonably accurate in their representation of grandmothers. b. grandmothers and grandfathers tend to be equally involved in their grandchildren's lives. c. in Black and Native American families, grandmothers may be expected to provide support and advice to their grandchildren. d. researchers have conducted far more studies on the grandmother role than on any other component of older women's lives.
A researcher is interested in whether high school students who play sports have a higher or lower body mass index (BMI) than students in the general population. The researcher is unsure whether playing sports will decrease body mass (due to more calories burned) or increase body mass (due to more muscle mass). He compares their average body mass index to that of students in the general population
and finds that zobt = +1.92 . This is a _____ test and the researcher should conclude _____. a. one-tailed; that students who are athletes have significantly higher BMIs b. two-tailed; that students who are athletes have significantly higher BMIs c. one-tailed; that students who are athletes do not have significantly higher BMIs d. two-tailed; that students who are athletes do not have significantly higher BMIs
Psychologists separate behavior from mind in defining psychology because:
a. only behavior can be studied scientifically b. only behavior can be directly measured by an objective observer c. only the mind can be studied scientifically d. modern psychology focuses on the study of behavior, rather than the study of mental events
A sex-linked genetic disorder that affects approximately twice as many men as women is __________
a) Huntington's disease. b) fragile-x syndrome. c) sickle-cell anemia. d) Tay-Sachs disease.