What role can tea or coffee play in amplifying or reducing stress effects?
What will be an ideal response?
One caveat for an individual who is under stress is to consider caffeine's stimulant effects on the nervous system. Caffeine has the ability to stimulate our body's neurons by lowering their threshold for excitability. As a result, caffeine activates the sympathetic-adrenal medulla axis (SAM) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) causing elevations in serum catecholamines and cortisol as well as mild increases in blood pressure especially under stressful conditions; and the cortisol effects are only partially lessened by developing a caffeine tolerance through daily caffeine intake.
High doses of caffeine are commonly associated with anxiety reactions, especially in individuals with anxiety disorders, whereas moderate doses are associated with reduced depressive symptoms and improved alertness, attention, and cognitive performance. The Mayo Clinic staff suggests that 500 to 600 mg per day of caffeine is a good cutoff point for avoiding caffeine's unwanted effects.
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Fabio gave Carlos some really bad advice when Carlos lost his job. Fabio told him to
a. apply for unemployment benefits right away. b. have a garage sale. c. tell his family and friends. d. give up setting a realistic budget.
Tanya has been mildly to moderately depressed for most of the time for over two years and has experienced no psychotic episodes and no mania. Tanya would most likely be diagnosed with the moderate mood disorder called __________ disorder
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Kevin is an emergency room nurse who experiences a great deal of stress. He has developed stomach problems that cause him great pain. His doctor has diagnosed an ulcer. In this example, the ulcer may be a:
a. hypochondriac symptom c. resistance symptom b. psychosomatic symptom d. defense mechanism
Issues of ability and disability concern which of the following?
a. physical challenges such as using a wheelchair b. mental challenges such as having a mental illness c. anyone who will experience disability at some point d. all of the above