A patient who has been instructed to use a liquid antacid medication to treat gastrointestinal upset asks the nurse about how to take this medication. What information will the nurse include when teaching this patient?
a. Take a laxative if constipation occurs.
b. Take 60 minutes after meals and at bedtime.
c. Take with at least 8 ounces of water to improve absorption.
d. Take with milk to improve effectiveness.
ANS: B
Since maximum acid secretion occurs after eating and at bedtime, antacids should be taken 1 to 3 hours after eating and at bedtime. Taking antacids before meals slows gastric emptying time and causes increased gastrointestinal (GI) secretions. Patients should not self-treat constipation or diarrhea. Patients should use 2 to 4 ounces of water when taking to ensure that the drug enters the stomach; more than that will increase GI secretions. Antacids should not be taken with milk or foods high in vitamin D.
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When asked by an older adult client, "What is the difference between my normal laboratory val-ues and the ones for a 55-year-old?" The nurse responds based on the understanding that there are:
a. age-adjusted ranges for older adults for all of the common laboratory findings, similar to those for infants and children. b. no age-adjusted ranges for older adults due to the large variations within the age group and the increasing number of fac-tors that influence the results. c. age-adjusted ranges only for the over-85 age group; there are no expected changes in the 65- to 84-year-old age group. d. age-adjusted ranges only for the hemato-logical tests, which are due mostly to changes in the bone marrow.
Nurses should be aware that the biophysical profile (BPP):
1. is an accurate indicator of impending fetal death. 2. is a compilation of health risk factors of the mother during the later stages of pregnancy. 3. consists of a Doppler blood flow analysis and an amniotic fluid index (AFI). 4. involves an invasive form of ultrasonic examination.
The nurse is getting ready to provide a sterile dressing change. Which nursing action is consistent with principles used to prepare a sterile field?
a. Identify that items below waist height are contaminated. b. Use opened packages of dressing supplies within the same shift. c. Identify that sterile drapes have a 5.08 cm (2-inch) contaminated border. d. Replace bottle caps if the inside of the cap is not touched.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has multiple ticks on lower legs and body. What should the nurse do to rid the patient of ticks?
a. Use blunt tweezers and pull upward with steady pressure. b. Burn the ticks with a match or small lighter. c. Allow the ticks to drop off by themselves. d. Apply miconazole and cover with plastic.