The external costs of cigarettes are related to the health problem smoking produces for both smokers and nonsmokers. One estimate places these costs at 29 cents per pack. Presently, sales and excise taxes on cigarettes average about 37 cents per pack. These estimates suggest that (i) cigarette consumption is below the optimal or efficient quantity; (ii) cigarette taxes should be reduced.
A. i and ii
B. i but not ii
C. ii but not i
D. neither i nor ii
Answer: A
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In the second quarter (three-month period) of 2016, U.S. nominal GDP increased but U.S. real GDP declined. What can we conclude?
A. Real wages declined by more than real GDP. B. Nominal income declined by more than personal income. C. The price level fell by more than real GDP. D. The price level rose by more than nominal GDP.
If land suitable for growing corn is also suitable for growing soybeans, and soybeans were found to prevent cancer,
A) the demand for corn would decrease. B) there would be no effect on the cost of growing corn. C) the supply (curve) of soybeans would increase. D) the cost of growing corn would rise. E) the cost of growing corn would fall.
Which of the following is included in gross domestic product for an economy in a given year?
A) the value of used goods sold in that year B) the value of final goods produced in that year C) the value of intermediate goods produced in that year D) All of the above would be included in gross domestic product for an economy in a given year.
Which of the following is most accurate about the period between the Civil War and World War I?
a. An increasing share of the U.S. population lived in rural areas. b. Unions pursued strategies of peaceful negotiation with employers. c. The average number of hours of work increased significantly during the period. d. The difference between male and female wages decreased.