True or false? Before 1954, Carnaval ran continuously. Explain your answer.
What will be an ideal response?
false; it was interrupted by the two world wars and the crash / the economic crisis of 1929 OR it was celebrated sporadically until the 2nd half of the century
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Mi ____________________ andare in vacanza al lago il mese scorso.
You and your friends talk about various people's tastes. Use the verb piacere in either the imperfetto or the passato prossimo as appropriate.
Yo te ayudaría a cuidar la línea si tú me..._____________ (pedir)
Completa las oraciones con una conclusión lógica. Usa el imperfecto del subjuntivo del verbo entre paréntesis. Modelo: Nosotros nos sentiríamos mejor si... (comer) Nosotros nos sentiríamos mejor si comiéramos menos dulces.
Secuencia de tiempos. Escoge los verbos entre paréntesis correctos para completar este párrafo. Me habría gustado que tú (1. hayas viajado / hubieras viajado) conmigo a Machu Picchu. Es un lugar increíble. Es sorprendente que las edificaciones (buildings) (2. se hayan mantenido / se hubieran mantenido) casi intactas en todo este tiempo. Los incas fueron sin duda muy buenos arquitectos. No creía que (3. fuera / sea) posible construir una ciudad en esa geografía. Por eso, no es extraño que Machu Picchu (4. hubiera sido / sea) un lugar muy visitado por turistas de todo el mundo. Afortunadamente, un amigo me había aconsejado que (5. haya llegado / llegara) muy temprano para evitar a la mayoría de los turistas. Por eso, le insistí a mi guía turístico que (6. tomáramos /
tomemos) el primer tren. ¡Fue una muy buena decisión! Recuerdo que cuando era pequeño yo quería que mis padres me (7. llevaran / lleven) a Machu Picchu, pero no teníamos mucho dinero para hacer ese viaje. Mi padre siempre me decía: «Te pido que (8. hayas sido / seas) paciente. Algún día harás ese viaje». ¡Todavía no puedo creer que lo (9. haya hecho / hiciera)! Espero que tú (10. pudieras / puedas) ir pronto.(7) Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The best guide question for paragraph 3 is:
Directions: Read the following passage and then answer questions 1–10. Although precise statistics are hard to come by, experts guess that about one out of every five smokers doesn’t smoke every day. If you’re one of these so-called “social 1 smokers,” you probably believe that your behavior is unlikely to cause any harm. Are you right? Here’s what the research says about social smoking. Social smokers smoke more than they think. Although gathering precise data is challenging, researchers find that most self-described social smokers actually smoke a 2 few cigarettes per day. One nicotine addiction specialist notes that people who smoke just one or two cigarettes a week—true social smokers—are very rare indeed. Social smoking leads to addiction. Tobacco researchers point out that the majority of social smokers are on the road to addiction. Initially they may only bum a cigarette from friends occasionally, but soon they find themselves bumming cigarettes more 3 often. It’s only a matter of time before they find themselves buying a pack a week, then two or three packs a week. Although they believe that they can quit whenever they want, on average, social smokers end up addicted, and smoking for years. One-third of people who have ever tried smoking become daily smokers. Social smoking increases risk of cardiovascular disease. Studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular disease at all levels of smoking. Moreover, smoking begins to exert this effect—causing fatal heart attacks and strokes—as early as age 35. The risk is especially acute for women who also use a hormonal method of birth control (pills, patch, etc.). One mechanism by which smoking, even at low levels, promotes 4 heart disease is by causing inflammation and dysfunction of the lining of blood vessels. In one study, young, healthy people who smoked less than one pack per week were found to have a 35% reduction in blood vessel functioning compared with nonsmokers. Social smoking increases cancer risk. Tobacco smoke itself is a carcinogen, as are at least 69 of its component chemicals. Because inherited genetic variations influence cancer rates, as do other determinants such as diet, stress, etc., the influence of social smoking on cancer promotion is difficult to determine. However, any level of 5 smoking increases the frequency of DNA mutations known to be associated with cancer. And the risk of cancer is more closely tied to the number of years you’ve smoked—at any level—than to the number of cigarettes smoked per day. As one expert put it, you wouldn’t go out to your car four times a week and inhale exhaust fumes. But that’s the health equivalent of smoking cigarettes four times a week. The bottom line? There is no safe level of exposure to cigarette smoke. If you smoke at all, you are at increased risk of nicotine addiction, cardiovascular disease, 6 cancer, and other illnesses. Get help, and quit. a. Does social smoking lead to addiction? b. Do all people who try smoking become daily smokers? c. How does social smoking lead to addiction? d. Are social smokers likely to become addicted to smoking?