A patient is concerned about getting hepatitis A from the hepatitis A vaccine. To allay this concern, the nurse explains that:
A) the pathogen is treated with a chemical so it cannot reproduce and cause illness.
B) the pathogen is grown under conditions that make is less virulent.
C) the vaccine contains purified antigens rather than whole organisms.
D) toxins are treated with chemicals to remove toxic components.
A) the pathogen is treated with a chemical so it cannot reproduce and cause illness.
Explanation: A) Hepatitis A vaccine is an inactivated (killed) vaccine in which the pathogen is treated with a chemical so it no longer can reproduce and cause illness.
B) In a weakened vaccine, the pathogen is grown under conditions that make it less virulent, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.
C) A subunit vaccine contains purified antigens rather than whole organisms, such as the hepatitis B vaccine.
D) In toxoid vaccines, toxins are treated with chemical to remove toxic components yet retain antigenicity.
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A) "A good nurse will have a mix of all four types." B) "Aesthetic knowledge. A nurse must appreciate the special qualities of each client and the individual situation." C) "Ethical knowledge. Nurses must be able to identify principles and norms, handle conflicts, and be sensitive to sensitive issues." D) "Empirical knowledge. You have to know the physiology of the problem before you decide which interventions to use."
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