Do you expect the cell to produce more ATP from one glucose molecule or from one fatty acid molecule? Explain your answer
What will be an ideal response?
More ATP is produced from fat catabolism than from glucose catabolism. Most ATP is generated in the mitochondria, and the amount depends on the production of the NADH and FADH2 cofactors in the Krebs cycle. The Krebs cycle relies on the input of acetyl CoA. Each glucose molecule can be converted into two acetyl CoA molecules. A molecule of fat will have three fatty acid chains, with an average length of 12–16 carbons. Even if we assume very short fatty acid chains of six carbons each (the length of a glucose molecule), this would mean the production of three acetyl CoA molecules per chain, and nine total for the triacylglycerol.
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Humans are not the only animals known to use tools. Crows have been observed using twigs to extract food from holes or carry objects they would be unable to hold in their beaks. When presented with unreachable food floating in a narrow tube, crows will find small objects, such as pebbles, to drop into the tube, raising the water level until they can reach their prize. What kind of behavior does this demonstrate?
a. operant conditioning b. classical conditioning c. cognitive learning d. innate behavior
What type of organism is in this picture?
1.bivalves
2.barnacles
3.plankton
4.sea cucumber
The covalent linkage between the monomers in a dinucleotide is a(n) ________
A) disulfide bond B) ester bond C) peptide bond D) ionic bond E) phosphodiester bond
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are being used more and more in forensic analysis yet have not been fully embraced. However, SNPs have found an exemplary use in which of the following fields?
A) VNTR copy number studies B) epigenetic regulation studies C) evolution studies D) protein stability studies