John is amazed at how much he communicates with his son, even though the infant is only 12 months old. Describe to John how infants and caregivers communicate in the first year.
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Infants pay more attention to certain aspects of adult speech, and adults incorporate these features of speech when they speak to infants. This type of speech is called infant-directed speech.
2. Infant-directed speech has shorter sentences, more clearly articulated words, repeated words and phrases, higher pitch, more variable pitch, exaggerated stress, and imitation of infant speech, all of which serve to attract infants' attention to adults when they are speaking to them.
3. Infants and adults also engage in joint attention, when both are looking at or listening to the same stimuli and are aware that the other person is intentionally looking at that stimulus. This makes it easier for infants to learn words that name or describe the stimulus.
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In regard to the relationship between stress and depression, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT
a) the context of the life event, as well as its meaning to the individual, is more important than the specific type of the event b) an individual's current mood state might distort earlier memories of stressful life events that led up to the depression c) stressful life events are strongly related to the onset of mood disorders d) recurrent episodes of depression, but not initial episodes, are strongly predicted by major life stress.
A complex cell responds to a pattern of light in a particular orientation
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Jerilyn believes that it is hard to plan for success because so much of what happens in the world is a result of chance factors that people have little control over. Jerilyn appears:
a. to have high self-efficacy b. to have an external locus of control c. to be low in self-monitoring d. to have an internal locus of control
Which of the following best describes Hall’s views on co-education??
a. ?He believed that coeducation would increase the achievement of both females and males. b. ?He believed that coeducation was a sign of social progress. c. ?He believed that coeducation could interfere with later sexual functioning. d. ?He believed that females would benefit from it but males would not.