The _______________ occurs when an individual believes the probability of finding a specific member in two overlapping categories is more likely than finding any member of one of the larger, general categories
A) anchoring effect
B) representativeness error
C) confirmation bias
D) conjunction fallacy
Answer: D
Rationale: The conjunction fallacy is the mistaken belief that finding a specific member in two overlapping categories (i.e., a member of the conjunction of two categories) is more likely than finding any member of one of the larger, general categories. For example, individuals will estimate the probability that a given person is more likely to be a teacher that likes children, than a teacher. This is a mathematical impossibility, because teachers who like children are a subset of teachers in general.
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