During the 1980s and 1990s,
a. governors and other state politicians paid little attention to education issues
b. the education summit conferences held by Presidents George H. Bush and Bill Clinton revolved around such issues as school construction and renovation
c. governors and other state politicians took action on education issues but focused more on standards and assessments than on accountability
d. most states set academic standards but did not develop assessments
C
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Why might users of self-determination theory object to the use of reinforcement to influence student learning?
a. It results in behavior change. b. It is too externally controlling. c. It does not take into account cultural differences. d. It could lead to learned helplessness.
A developmental-behavioral blend of education includes:
a. a prepared learning environment to match children's current skill levels b. materials and activities placed in containers in the closet for special days c. responsive teachers who plan instruction carefully d. a balance between fine-motor and gross-motor activities
Rhonda, a sixth grader, loves to work in her father's wood shop crafting items that she designs. Often, however, when she approaches her father about letting her work with him, he dismisses her requests and tells her that she should "help your mother in the kitchen and stay out of my way.". According to Erikson, Rhonda
a. will certainly never have feelings of inferiority. b. may have trust issues in any relationship. c. may not work with wooden craft items until she is older and her gender role is properly formed. d. is at risk for developing feelings of inferiority.
Mr. Lynch has always used his "mean face" to stop undesirable behavior in his first graders. However, even though he looks at Tommy with this face each time Tommy talks out of turn, Tommy is talking more than ever now. For Tommy the "mean face" is apparently a:
a. positive reinforcer. b. negative reinforcer. c. presentation punisher. d. conditioned stimulus.