Which of the graphic representations illustrates a randomized experimental interventional design with pre- and posttest?
A) R X O X
B) R O R X
C) R X O O
D) R O X O
D
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Experimental designs can be depicted graphically using symbols to represent features of the design. In these diagrams, the convention is that R stands for randomization to treatment groups, X represents receipt of the intervention, and O is the measurement of outcomes. So, for example, a pretest-posttest design would be depicted as follows: R O X O. The other answers do not illustrate the correct order of elements.
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