Tonry (2010) discounted both racism and inadvertence as cause of racial disparities in the criminal justice system.

a. Psychological
b. Social
c. Discretionary
d. Blatant


d. Blatant

Criminal Justice

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The general cause of ineffective listening is:

a. hearing issues. b. emotional issues. c. language issues. d. habit.

Criminal Justice

In which case did the Court hold that juveniles do not have a constitutional right to trial by jury?

a. Kent v. United States b. In re Gault c. In re Winship d. McKeiver v. Pennsylvania

Criminal Justice

Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. Data can be both numeric and non-numeric. 2. Another term for response categories is attributes. 3. Another term for ordinal data is categorical data. 4. A measure that produces consistent and repeatable results demonstrates reliability. 5. Test-retest reliability is the degree to which different raters or observers offer consistent assessments of the same phenomenon.

Criminal Justice

While the U.S. State Department considers Hezbollah a terrorist organization, the Jordanian police view Hezbollah as _____?

a. As a militia b. As a terrorist organization c. As a religious group d. As a law enforcement agency

Criminal Justice