Discuss the main findings of Vaillant's research on the participants he classified as happy-well and sad-sick. Be sure to specify the research design in your response
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: In a longitudinal study, Vaillant described these two groups based on their physical and psychological health. Their health status in middle age was predicted by a number of variables earlier in their lives. The happy-well were more well-educated and more likely to be married than the sad-sick. The sad-sick group was more likely to have smoked, abused alcohol and were overweight. The happy-well were also more likely to be forgiving and future-oriented.
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Hightower is a new recruit in the police academy, and is about to begin his very first day of training with a computer simulation task in which Caucasian and African-American men are portrayed holding ambiguous, weapon-like objects. Research on race and the perceptions of police officers would predict that Hightower a. would have little trouble distinguishing between Caucasian and
African-American targets in such a simulation. b. would respond differently to the simulation depending on his personal endorsement of race-related stereotypesand prejudicial attitudes. c. demonstrate more and more bias in his responses the longer his training went on. d. would have a bias that was consistent with racial stereotypes.
Recognizing individual differences is especially important to psychologists interested in variations in an individual’s characteristic way of thinking, feeling, and behaving. This is referred to as ____
a. personality b. cognition c. type d. psyche
Which of the following is considered a reaction to the Enlightenment belief in abstract universal principles?
a. Noam Chomsky’s cognitive revolution b. Hebb’s rule c. James’s radical empiricism and pragmaticism d. May’s human dilemma
Which of the following is true about asthma?
a. The number of people diagnosed with asthma has stayed relatively constant over the last two decades. b. The death rates from asthma are higher for European Americans than for African Americasns. c. It is a chronic condition with no cure. d. Asian Americans have the highest incidence of asthma out of all of the ethnic groups in the USA.