Hiroto’s research with humans suggests that all of the following can influence learned helplessness EXCEPT

a. their cultural beliefs about fate, Karma, or destiny.
b. their beliefs about control.
c. their expectations about a specific task.
d. past experiences with uncontrollable outcomes.


Answer: a: their cultural beliefs about fate, Karma, or destiny.

Psychology

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In 1986, the Meese Commission claimed to find

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