A patient with some blood loss is maintaining a blood pressure of 100/60 mmHg. The nurse interprets this to mean that the patient's blood pressure is being maintained through the help of which structure?
1. arterioles
2. venules
3. capillaries
4. veins
Correct Answer: 1
The smaller arterioles are less elastic than arteries but contain more smooth muscle, which promotes their constriction (narrowing) and dilation (widening). In fact, arterioles exert the major control over arterial blood pressure. With blood loss, the arterioles would constrict as a compensation mechanism to increase blood pressure. This would not happen at the capillary level and is possible in the arterial system, not the venous system.
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