Gwen's burns have been described using zones of injury as well as degree of burns
a. Discuss the zones of injury.
b. How is the severity of burns determined?
c. How is the depth of the burns related to the degree of the burns?
Students' answers should include the following:
a. Zones of injury include coagulation, stasis, and hyperemia.
• Zone of coagulation is the center of the injury where the burn is the deepest and most severe.
• Zone of stasis is the immediate area of the injury; blood vessels are damaged, but the tissue has a chance to survive.
• Zone of hyperemia is the area of least injury away from the center of the burn, and the epidermis and dermis are minimally injured.
b. The severity can be determined by the rule of nines, area of the body covered in burns; 1% is the average amount of the person's palm size.
This helps to estimate the amount of body surface covered in a severe burn.
c. Depth of burns is categorized by first, second, and third degrees.
• First degree is superficial with the top layer affected much like a sunburn.
• Second degree or partial thickness includes part of the dermis.
• Third degree includes all layers of the skin and often leads to sepsis. Third-degree burns may be charred and painless; scarring and contractures are often seen with this type of burn.
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