Prior to the eighteenth century, criminal sanctions were based around an ideology that stressed
A. reform.
B. incapacitation.
C. deterrence.
D. punishment.
D. punishment.
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In the context of policing, militarism stresses nonconfrontational tactics to strengthen the bonds between police officers and the communities that they "guard over."
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Which of the following is the primary reasons why women are involved in criminal activity and ultimately sent to prison?
a. Child care b. Unemployment c. Divorce d. Drug addiction
Restorative justice focuses on the need of the perpetrator not on the victim.
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
There is evidence that a subculture of violence may be found in areas that experience concentrated poverty and social disorganization
Indicate whether the statement is true or false