Recall that the bullhorn acacia forms a symbiosis with P. ferruginea ants. A researcher takes an acacia seed and plants it in an area without P. ferruginea. What will happen to this acacia plant?

A. It will immediately form a symbiotic
relationship with ants native to the area.
B. It will begin producing alkaloids and
terpenes to deter herbivores.
C. It will begin to produce hairs on its leaves
to deter herbivores.
D. Without P. ferruginea, the plant won't form
any new defenses and will be eaten by
herbivores.


D

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