The results of an amniocentesis conducted just prior to birth showed a fetus's lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio as being 1:1 . From this information, for which respiratory problem should the nurse anticipate providing care once the baby is delivered?
A) Alveolar collapse on expiration
B) Bronchial constriction from room air
C) Wheezing from excess fluid accumulation
D) Inspiratory constriction from air contaminants
A
Feedback:
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn most often occurs in preterm infants. Pulmonary surfactant is not present in preterm infant. Surfactant is needed to prevent alveolar collapse upon expiration. RDS rarely occurs in mature infants. Dating a pregnancy by sonogram and by documenting the level of lecithin in surfactant obtained from amniotic fluid exceeds that of sphingomyelin by a 2:1 ratio are both important ways to be certain that an infant is mature enough that RDS is not likely to occur. RDS does not present as bronchial constriction from room air, wheezing from excess fluid accumulation, or inspiratory constriction from air contaminants.
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