The nurse is instructing a nursing student on the application of fetal monitoring devices. Which method of assessing the fetal heart rate requires the use of a gel?
a. Doppler
b. Fetoscope
c. Scalp electrode
d. Tocodynamometer
ANS: A
Doppler is the only listed method involving ultrasonic transmission of fetal heart rates; it requires the use of a gel. The fetoscope does not require gel because ultrasonic transmission is not used. The scalp electrode is attached to the fetal scalp; gel is not necessary. The tocodynamometer does not require gel. This device monitors uterine contractions.
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A client with stage I GVHD following a bone marrow transplant is very depressed because he has developed this complication. The nurse should base interactions with this client on the fact that stage I GVHD
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