The client is admitted to the hospital with a tentative diagnosis of bladder cancer. The nurse expects the client history to reveal which of the following earliest manifestations of the disease?
1. Proteinuria and dysuria
2. Hematuria with no pain
3. Painful urination and hematuria
4. Pyuria and palpable abdominal mass
2
Rationale: The earliest signs and symptoms of bladder cancer are hematuria that is not accompanied by pain. The hematuria is intermittent at first. Later symptoms include hematuria with dysuria and frequency because of bladder irritation. Pyuria and proteinuria are not part of the clinical picture. A mass is usually not palpable.
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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
When clients have a strong family history of both heart disease and cancer, the nurse should encourage them to reduce their intake of
a. dietary fiber b. protein c. monounsaturated fat d. saturated fat