The nurse is teaching a 60-year-old client newly diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes about ways to optimize health outcomes. The nurse tells the client that smoking cessation is especially important for the client because it:
1. Promotes weight gain.
2. Is a major factor in the development of diabetic neuropathy.
3. Accelerates arteriosclerotic changes in blood vessels.
4. Increases insulin resistance.
3. Accelerates arteriosclerotic changes in blood vessels.
Rationale:
Smoking is especially unhealthy for diabetic clients because smoking accelerates the arteriosclerotic effects that occur in blood vessels from elevated levels of blood glucose. Smoking is not associated with weight gain; in fact, people use weight gain as an excuse not to quit smoking. Poor glycemic control in diabetics is associated with the development of complications including diabetic neuropathy. Smoking does not affect insulin resistance.
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