Irene, a social worker in a prison for juvenile offenders, decided to implement a program to improve the self-esteem of adolescent prisoners. She hypothesized that the adolescents' aggression was simply a defense mechanism used to shield their low self-esteem. Thus, increasing their self-esteem would result in decreased aggression. Is Irene's approach likely to be effective?
A. Yes, improved self-esteem is associated with less externalizing, aggressive behavior.
B. Yes, self-esteem can be easily modified and results in dramatic changes in behavior.
C. No, self-esteem cannot be modified so her intervention is likely to be ineffective.
D. No, aggressive people are more likely to already have a high self-esteem.
Answer: D
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