The public sphere deals with collective decisions beyond the control of individuals; as such, the public sphere would tend to be the most extensive in which types of states?
A. liberal-democratic states
B. constitutional states
C. laissez-faire states
D. totalitarian states
D.
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Which of the following statements about the South African bureaucracy is NOT true?
a. Some departments are administered in a centralized fashion by national ministries whereas others are administered by the provinces. b. It has grown substantially in the post-apartheid era as the government has expanded public welfare programs. c. Some central ministries have a reputation for efficiency whereas others do not. d. It is impossible to dismiss public servants, both during the Mandela era and later administrations, due to the civil service protections. e. There has been many prominent examples of corruption involving public servants in the post-apartheid era.
According to Posen, what complicates predictions of state behavior in a multipolar world?
a. economic interdependence b. geopolitics and nuclear weapons c. advanced communications technology d. new international norms and institutions
Which of the following statements is true of administrative laws?
A. They are valid only when enacted by legislative bodies. B. Under these laws, judges are obligated to follow the precedents established within their jurisdiction. C. They are considered the supreme law of the land. D. All the states in the United States follow a common set of administrative laws that have not undergone any changes. E. They are the rules, regulations, orders, and decisions of government agencies.
According to the United Nations, approximately how many plant and animal species become extinct every year?
a. 5 b. 50 c. 5,000 d. 50,000